Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: What is the Evidence?
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
The role of immune system in treating cancer is being increasingly seen as important [1]. Cancer cells have oncogenic mutations and express neo-antigens that make them distinct from normal cells thus prone to immune recognition. However, cells of innate and adaptive immune system which recognize and destroy these cells are held in check by various molecular pathways called “immune checkpoints” ...
متن کاملImmunotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Focus on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Introduction Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is clinically defined as breast tumors lacking expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor, with normal human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) gene copy number and expression. It accounts for approximately 15% to 20% of all breast cancers and is more prevalent in younger women and in African-American women. TNBC ...
متن کاملTriple-negative breast cancer: what is known about it?
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered a rare diagnosis. This malignancy targets a specific population of women and has risk factors differing from those of other breast cancers. TNBC exhibits distinct pathologic features that result in aggressive metastasis and poor prognosis. Pathologically, TNBC cancer cells are characterized by negative receptors for progesterone and estrogen an...
متن کاملImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Therapeutic Tools for Breast Cancer.
Breast cancer is one of the major threats to female health, and its incidence is rapidly increasing in many countries. Currently, breast cancer is treated with surgery, followed by chemotherapy or radiation therapy, or both. However, a substantial proportion of breast cancer patients might have a risk for local relapse that leads to recurrence of their disease and/or metastatic breast cancer. T...
متن کاملClinicopathological Features of Non-metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is reported to be associated with a high risk of recurrence, poor overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) rates. This study evaluated the clincopathological features and survival of non-metastatic TNBC women in the capital of Iran compared with other areas of the world. Methods: In a retrospective study, 119 women with TNBC based ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Neoplasm
سال: 2018
ISSN: 2576-3903
DOI: 10.21767/2576-3903.100031